Won-seok, Jeung is a Professor in the Department of Biological Sciences at KAIST and Deputy Director of the IBS Vascular Research Unit. As a neuroscientist, he investigates the complex interactions between the brain’s immune system and neural circuits. By comparing and analyzing the functions of astrocytes and microglia, he has elucidated key mechanisms underlying synapse formation, pruning, and the regulation of learning and memory. Notably, he was the first to globally demonstrate that astrocytes play a leading role in synapse pruning, a process essential for maintaining healthy neural circuits and consolidating memories. In recognition of his groundbreaking contributions—specifically, revealing ERBB4 as a critical factor in synaptic loss and the early progression of Alzheimer’s disease—he was honored with the Achievement Award for Life Sciences at the 20th Mystery of Life Awards, significantly broadening our understanding of brain disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies.